Planting a tree with burlap is a foundational skill for anyone looking to establish mature shade or ornamental landscaping. This technique is particularly relevant for balled and burlapped (B&B) trees, which are grown in the field with a significant root ball intact. When handled correctly, this method ensures the tree establishes quickly and thrives for decades.
Understanding Burlap Wrapping
The burlap surrounding the root ball serves a dual purpose during transport and initial establishment. It holds the soil together tightly, preventing the roots from shifting excessively during movement. Furthermore, the natural fiber allows for slight aeration, preventing the roots from becoming completely waterlogged while the tree adjusts to its new location.
Removing Synthetic Materials
Before setting the tree in the hole, it is critical to distinguish between natural burlap and synthetic materials. Most modern B&B trees use synthetic burlap and wire, which do not decompose naturally. If left intact, these materials can restrict root expansion, effectively girdling the tree and causing long-term health issues. Always remove wire and twine, and carefully peel back synthetic burlap from the top third of the root ball to expose the roots at the correct soil level.
Natural Burlap Handling
If the tree is wrapped in natural, untreated burlap, the approach changes slightly. While you should loosen the burlap from the top of the root ball to facilitate root growth, you do not necessarily need to remove it entirely. Natural burlap will break down over time as it decomposes. However, ensuring the top edge of the burlap is buried below the soil surface is vital to prevent it from wicking moisture away from the root ball.
Planting Depth and Soil Management
One of the most common mistakes in tree planting is placing the root ball too deep. The top of the root ball should sit level with the surrounding soil, or slightly higher to account for settling. As you backfill the excavated soil, firm it gently with your hands or feet to eliminate large air pockets. Avoid adding amendments to the backfill soil; the tree should adapt to the native soil immediately to encourage roots to grow outward rather than staying in a "bathtub" of foreign material.
Staking for Stability
After the tree is positioned and the burlap is managed, staking is often necessary to provide stability. Use flexible ties that allow the trunk to move slightly in the wind, which encourages stronger trunk development. The stakes should be placed outside the root ball, and the ties should be checked regularly to ensure they do not girdle the trunk as the tree grows.
Post-Planting Care
Once planted, the tree requires consistent moisture to settle the soil and hydrate the roots. Water deeply immediately after planting, and maintain a regular watering schedule, especially during dry periods. Mulch should be applied in a wide ring around the base, keeping it a few inches away from the trunk itself to prevent rot. By managing the burlap correctly and following these care steps, the tree will establish a robust root system and flourish in its new environment.
